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about: Sam Foreman about/more: 🪪 More ideas: 💡 Ideas more: ➕ More now: Now posts: 📬 Posts posts/2023/12/05: 🔳 l2hmc-qcd Example: 4D SU(3) posts/2025: 📆 2025 posts/2025/04/28: 🔥 Building PyTorch 2.6 from Source on Aurora posts/2025/05/03: 🚧 Frameworks Issue with numpy \› 2 posts/2025/06: 06 posts/2025/06/01: 📰 Nice Headings posts/2025/06/02: 🧜‍♀️ Mermaid posts/2025/06/14: 🏗️ Building PyTorch 2.8 from Source on Aurora posts/2025/09/12: 🍹 BlendCorpus + TorchTitan @ ALCF posts/2025/09/17: 📊 pbs-tui: TUI for PBS Job Scheduler Monitoring posts/2025/10/06: 🎨 Mixing Between Distributions While Training posts/2025/11/12: 🧊 Cooling Down Checkpoints: Best Practices for Model Evaluation posts/2026/01/07: 🎉 Happy New Year! posts/2026/01/10: 🍋 ezpz: distributed PyTorch across any hardware posts/2026/02/28: ⏱️ Comparing Launchers on Aurora posts/2026/02/28: ## torchrun posts/2026/02/28: ## ezpz posts/2026/04/27: Pre-Training AuroraGPT with TorchTitan posts/2026/04/27: ## Two-Week Summary (Apr 12–27, 2026) posts/2026/04/27: ## Detailed Breakdown posts/2026/04/27: ### Week 1: Apr 12–18 — Benchmarking, LR Finder, XPU Fixes posts/2026/04/27: #### Benchmarking (Apr 12–15) posts/2026/04/27: #### LR Finder (Apr 12–14) posts/2026/04/27: #### Scaling Study (Apr 12) posts/2026/04/27: #### Upstream Syncs (Apr 12–18, syncs 6–14) posts/2026/04/27: #### XPU Bug Fixes (Apr 18) posts/2026/04/27: #### RL Experiment (Apr 18) posts/2026/04/27: ### Week 1.5: Apr 18–25 — Production Readiness posts/2026/04/27: #### Torch 2.12 Benchmarks (Apr 18) posts/2026/04/27: #### LR Finder Extensions (Apr 20–21) posts/2026/04/27: #### XPU Fixes (Apr 23) posts/2026/04/27: #### Torch 2.13 Environment (Apr 25) posts/2026/04/27: #### 2B Scaling Study on Torch 2.13 (Apr 25) posts/2026/04/27: #### Production Training (Apr 25) posts/2026/04/27: ### Week 2: Apr 26–27 — Optimizer Competition posts/2026/04/27: #### RL Multi-Task Refactor (Apr 26) posts/2026/04/27: #### Docs Reorganization (Apr 26) posts/2026/04/27: #### Generic HF Dataset Streaming (Apr 26) posts/2026/04/27: #### New Optimizers (Apr 26) posts/2026/04/27: #### Architecture Tweaks (Apr 26–27) posts/2026/04/27: ## Competition Results posts/2026/04/27: ### Round 1–3: Speedrun — 2N, GBS=48, 1000 steps posts/2026/04/27: ### 10B Full Training — 8N, GBS=384, ~3,178 steps posts/2026/04/27: ### Round 4: Reproducible Speedrun — 2N, GAS=8, GBS=384, 1000 steps posts/2026/04/27: ## Key Discoveries posts/2026/04/27: ## Infrastructure Built posts/2026/04/27: ## High-Level posts/2026/04/27: ## Detailed Breakdown posts/2026/04/27: ### Week 1: Apr 12–18 — Benchmarking, LR Finder, XPU Fixes posts/2026/04/27: #### Benchmarking (Apr 12–15) posts/2026/04/27: #### LR Finder (Apr 12–14) posts/2026/04/27: #### Scaling Study (Apr 12) posts/2026/04/27: #### Upstream Syncs (Apr 12–18, syncs 6–14) posts/2026/04/27: #### XPU Bug Fixes (Apr 18) posts/2026/04/27: #### RL Experiment (Apr 18) posts/2026/04/27: ### Week 1.5: Apr 18–25 — Production Readiness posts/2026/04/27: #### Torch 2.12 Benchmarks (Apr 18) posts/2026/04/27: #### LR Finder Extensions (Apr 20–21) posts/2026/04/27: #### XPU Fixes (Apr 23) posts/2026/04/27: #### Torch 2.13 Environment (Apr 25) posts/2026/04/27: #### 2B Scaling Study on Torch 2.13 (Apr 25) posts/2026/04/27: #### Production Training (Apr 25) posts/2026/04/27: ### Week 2: Apr 26–27 — Optimizer Competition posts/2026/04/27: #### RL Multi-Task Refactor (Apr 26) posts/2026/04/27: #### Docs Reorganization (Apr 26) posts/2026/04/27: #### Generic HF Dataset Streaming (Apr 26) posts/2026/04/27: #### New Optimizers (Apr 26) posts/2026/04/27: #### Architecture Tweaks (Apr 26–27) posts/2026/04/27: ## Competition Results posts/2026/04/27: ### Round 1–3: 1000-step speedruns, 2 nodes, GBS=48 (17 configs) posts/2026/04/27: ### Round 4 (10B full training, 8 nodes, GBS=384, 5 configs) posts/2026/04/27: ### Round 5 (2 nodes, GAS=8, GBS=384, local dataset, 8 configs — in progress) posts/2026/04/27: ## Key Discoveries posts/2026/04/27: ## Infrastructure Built posts/2026/05/01: Running 50k Python Processes on Aurora with ezpz yeet posts/2026/06/27: Local AI Apps on ALCF: Argo, Inference Endpoints, and One Gateway posts/2026/06/28: Migrating from Quarto to Astro: samforeman.me → samf.sh posts/2026/08/08: Pre-Training LLMs on a Supercomputer posts/2026/09/22: Working From Anywhere: Persistent Access to Compute and Context posts/2026/09/25: A Small Service Mesh for My Macs and Supercomputers posts/ai-for-physics: ⚛️ AI for Physics posts/ai-for-physics/diffusion: 🎲 MCMC + Diffusion Sampling posts/ai-for-physics/l2hmc-qcd: 🎢 L2HMC for LQCD posts/ai-for-physics/l2hmc-qcd/2du1: 🎢 l2hmc-qcd Example: 2D U(1) posts/auroragpt: 🤖 AuroraGPT posts/auroragpt/aurora-gpt: 🏎️ Megatron-DeepSpeed on Intel XPU posts/auroragpt/checkpoints: 💾 Converting Checkpoints posts/auroragpt/determinstic-flash-attn/deterministic-flash-attn: 🎰 Deterministic flash-attn posts/auroragpt/flash-attn-sunspot: 📸 flash-attn on Sunspot posts/auroragpt/long-sequences: 🚂 Loooooooong Sequence Lengths posts/auroragpt/mpi4py-reproducer: 🐛 mpi4py bug on Sunspot posts/auroragpt/spike-skipper: 🏔️ Spike Skipper posts/auroragpt/startup-times: 🐢 Starting Up Distributed Training on Aurora posts/auroragpt/startup-times: ## 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🏔️ Spike Skipper

Implementation of a mechanism to skip bad-data training steps that cause loss spikes during LLM training.
Details

We describe below our implementation for skipping individual steps during training.

📝 Example

Suppose we observe a large spike in our loss curve, as shown below:

spike-skipper

Seemingly, this spike is being caused by a batch of “bad data”. In order to prevent this “bad data” sample from corrupting our training, we would like to “skip” that particular training step.

This can be accomplished by passing the keyword argument --train-range-to-skip and specifying the endpoints of the ranges to be skipped.

e.g., if you would like to skip all steps from [10, 20] and from [25, 30], we would specify:

PBS_O_WORKDIR=$(pwd) bash train_aGPT_7B.sh \
    --train-range-to-skip 10 20 25 30

🧪 Implementation

We discuss below the details of the implementation, and provide some simple results to confirm things are behaving how we expect.

  1. Check if args.train_range_to_skip is not None [here]

    • Assert len(args.train_range_to_skip) % 2 == 0 [here]

      Must be even since we’re specifying the endpoints of intervals to skip

    • Zip these up into pairs [here]:

      ranges_to_skip = list(
          zip(
              args.train_range_to_skip[::2],
              args.train_range_to_skip[1::2]
          )
      )
  2. If current iteration is in any of these pairs [here]

✅ Sanity Check

In order to confirm things are behaving as expected, we can explicitly look at the tokens drawn for each step, and ensure that they are the same regardless of whether or not that iteration was skipped.

  • In particular, we see that:

    • test 1:

      # [2024-09-16 23:09:09.059118][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [0/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor(
          [[ 1858,  3851, 29889,  ...,   500,    13,    13],
           [  349,  6156,  1650,  ...,  5806, 28557,  3519],
           [16554,   304,  1653,  ...,   322,  6934, 14722],
           [ 4955,   310, 10465,  ...,  1438,  3841, 29892]]
      )
      # [2024-09-16 23:09:09.061999][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [1/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor(
          [[  363,  1302, 16453,  ...,  7967, 29891,   484],
           [  367,   766,  4752,  ...,     1, 29871, 30143],
           [29899,   855,  1503,  ...,  3786, 29892,  5100],
           [  465,  1974,   289,  ..., 21588,   533,   304]]
      )
    • test 2:

      # [2024-09-16 22:59:27.752277][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2:
      data['text'][:10]=tensor(
          [[ 1858,  3851, 29889,  ...,   500,    13,    13],
           [  349,  6156,  1650,  ...,  5806, 28557,  3519],
           [16554,   304,  1653,  ...,   322,  6934, 14722],
           [ 4955,   310, 10465,  ...,  1438,  3841, 29892]]
      )
      # [2024-09-16 22:59:27,755] [INFO] [profiler.py:81:start_profile] Flops profiler started
      # [2024-09-16 22:59:28.568805][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2:
      data['text'][:10]=tensor(
          [[363,  1302, 16453,  ...,  7967, 29891,   484],
           [  367,   766,  4752,  ...,     1, 29871, 30143],
           [29899,   855,  1503,  ...,  3786, 29892,  5100],
           [  465,  1974,   289,  ..., 21588,   533,   304]]
      )

    as expected.

🔍 Details

  • First 4 steps:

    tokens:
    • Iteration 0:

      [2024-09-16 22:58:50.168667][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  304,  7344,  5146,  ...,  9776, 29914, 26419],
              [29889,    13,  4706,  ...,  9280, 30004,    13],
              [29943, 20774, 29908,  ...,   304, 27391,   322],
              [ 2645,   445, 29871,  ..., 16888,  4656, 10070]])
      [2024-09-16 22:58:58.866409][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 2768,   596,  1788,  ..., 27274,   393, 30010],
              [  278,  5613,  4192,  ...,   362,   310,  1950],
              [28038, 29892,  2022,  ...,  3160,   278,  2087],
              [ 4149,   907, 29888,  ..., 29896, 29892, 29896]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:02.043059][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  424,   322, 16232,  ...,   366,   748,   467],
              [   13,   462,  1678,  ...,  2084, 29892,  3497],
              [ 7562,   310, 19320,  ...,  8973, 22684,   358],
              [ 2089,  3633,   292,  ..., 13774,   269,  2375]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:03.456919][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[21411,   322,  3896,  ...,  2610, 29889,   319],
              [ 8003, 29898, 29900,  ...,    12,  6658,   529],
              [  278,  4148,   310,  ...,   263, 12212,   282],
              [ 5977, 29871, 29906,  ..., 15332,   310,  1749]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:04.596630][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  278,  1473, 24987,  ...,   263,  2217,  3804],
              [ 2973,   263, 18778,  ...,   263,  4642,  6673],
              [  309,   323,   804,  ...,  1063, 15296,   327],
              [  278,  5864,   322,  ...,  9409, 29889,  2178]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:05.486913][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[29892, 13731,  6617,  ..., 29871, 29896, 29946],
              [ 2892,  1012,  1266,  ...,  4036,  7512,  2068],
              [ 1473,  1556,  3619,  ...,  3762,   338,   263],
              [23353, 29918,  2177,  ...,   501,   567,   814]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:06.361333][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 5400, 14378,  4768,  ...,  2107, 18677, 29889],
              [ 9200, 29887, 29914,  ...,   293, 24235,   322],
              [30143,  4746,  2184,  ..., 11891, 29974, 25760],
              [19263, 29914,   303,  ...,   358, 29889,    13]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:07.230671][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  309,  1306,   681,  ...,   310, 23186, 21809],
              [29896, 29929,    13,  ..., 29871, 29900,    13],
              [ 9558,   964,   263,  ...,   322,   282,   682],
              [  278, 23904, 21767,  ...,   313, 29929, 29889]])
    • Iteration 1:

      [2024-09-16 22:59:19.287338][INFO][training_log:661] -  iteration=       1/  635782 | consumed_samples=         768 | consumed_tokens=     3145728 | elapsed_time_per_iteration_ms=29570.0 | learning_rate=9.4372e-09 | global_batch_size=768 | lm loss=11.167250 | loss_scale=1.0 | grad_norm=6.363 | actual_seqlen= 4096 | number_of_skipped_iterations=  0 | number_of_nan_iterations=  0 | samples_per_second=25.972 | tokens_per_gpu_per_second_tgs=4432.597 | [LM]TFLOPs=20.30 | [DS]TFLOPs=26.18 |
      [2024-09-16 22:59:19.289582][INFO][utils:207] - [Rank 0] (after 1 iterations) memory (MB) | allocated: 1894.57666015625 | max allocated: 9752.35498046875 | reserved: 11342.0 | max reserved: 11342.0
      (min, max) time across ranks (ms):
        forward-backward ...............................: (26094.39, 26095.09)
        optimizer ......................................: (3407.56, 3409.92)
      [2024-09-16 22:59:19.297183][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=1: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 1472, 29892,   408,  ..., 29892,  1584,   363],
            [  967, 19475,  6593,  ...,  8093, 29899, 11249],
            [ 1006,  2218, 13326,  ...,  2355,  1304,   304],
            [29900, 29916, 29947,  ...,   353,  1870, 29936]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:20.104352][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=1: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 2354,   274,  1041,  ..., 29892, 13049,  9098],
            [ 8798,  9547, 10353,  ...,   303,  3143, 29889],
            [ 1373,  4056,  7236,  ...,  3186,   297,  5837],
            [ 1738, 29920,  7355,  ...,    13, 29871,  3776]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:20.977036][INFO][utils:326] -  >> building dataset for /flare/Aurora_deployment/AuroraGPT/datasets/dolma/data_v1.7_Llama2Tokenizer/c4-0000_text_document
      [2024-09-16 22:59:20.977877][INFO][utils:326] -  > building dataset index ...
      [2024-09-16 22:59:20.977147][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=1: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 2020,   306,  1016,  ...,   322,   920,   372],
            [ 5921,  1749,  7306,  ..., 19252,   297,  5664],
            [  970,   770, 28547,  ...,   970,   894,  2577],
            [ 1907,   363, 14188,  ...,   756,  3646,   287]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:21.851620][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=1: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  715, 25392,  3104,  ...,   289,  5761,   616],
            [  426,    13,  9651,  ...,  9651,  1815, 22603],
            [ 7714,  1213,    13,  ...,    13, 29876,   457],
            [29889, 28663,  1230,  ...,  1546,   278,  6586]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:22.720945][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=1: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[29929,    13,    13,  ..., 10739,  4770, 11277],
            [ 4528,   304,  2367,  ...,  2501,   385,  4203],
            [  869,   319,   794,  ...,  3158, 29889,  3115],
            [  592,   260,  4125,  ...,   284,  1135, 18655]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:23.590149][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=1: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[14338, 25323,  3321,  ...,  5607,  1806,  1164],
            [  322,   278, 15352,  ...,  6462,   313,  1552],
            [25738,   714, 29889,  ..., 29915, 29879, 24842],
            [ 5122,   399, 29889,  ..., 29947,  7284,  2305]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:24.457646][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=1: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  367, 19310,  1891,  ...,  2408,   292,   263],
            [  470,  3307,  5713,  ...,   568,  2594, 19385],
            [29953, 29905,  1631,  ...,  1118,   343, 29897],
            [10261,   373,  5490,  ...,   511,   297,  1760]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:25.326699][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=1: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 1006,   326, 29901,  ..., 14834,  6694,  9595],
            [12058,  5446, 29892,  ..., 29889,  8246,  3310],
            [ 7483,   310,   278,  ...,   402,  9851,  4423],
            [ 8041,   813,   322,  ...,  3303,  3900,   393]])
    • Iteration 2:

      [2024-09-16 22:59:27.744603][INFO][training_log:661] -  iteration=       2/  635782 | consumed_samples=        1536 | consumed_tokens=     6291456 | elapsed_time_per_iteration_ms=8457.2 | learning_rate=1.88744e-08 | global_batch_size=768 | lm loss=11.164009 | loss_scale=1.0 | grad_norm=6.271 | actual_seqlen= 4096 | number_of_skipped_iterations=  0 | number_of_nan_iterations=  0 | samples_per_second=90.810 | tokens_per_gpu_per_second_tgs=15498.234 | [LM]TFLOPs=70.98| [DS]TFLOPs=91.53 |
      (min, max) time across ranks (ms):
        forward-backward ...............................: (8384.83, 8385.57)
        optimizer ......................................: (55.03, 55.61)
      [2024-09-16 22:59:27.752277][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 1858,  3851, 29889,  ...,   500,    13,    13],
            [  349,  6156,  1650,  ...,  5806, 28557,  3519],
            [16554,   304,  1653,  ...,   322,  6934, 14722],
            [ 4955,   310, 10465,  ...,  1438,  3841, 29892]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:27,755] [INFO] [profiler.py:81:start_profile] Flops profiler started
      [2024-09-16 22:59:28.568805][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  363,  1302, 16453,  ...,  7967, 29891,   484],
            [  367,   766,  4752,  ...,     1, 29871, 30143],
            [29899,   855,  1503,  ...,  3786, 29892,  5100],
            [  465,  1974,   289,  ..., 21588,   533,   304]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:28,571] [INFO] [profiler.py:81:start_profile] Flops profiler started
      [2024-09-16 22:59:29.440843][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[29889,    13,  4806,  ...,  3086, 26040,  9220],
            [  293,  7207,   355,  ..., 18131,   520,  1247],
            [ 8619, 29889, 29871,  ...,   304, 10029,   266],
            [  363, 15202, 29892,  ...,   482, 17162, 19104]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:29,443] [INFO] [profiler.py:81:start_profile] Flops profiler started
      [2024-09-16 22:59:30.313403][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[25561,   411,   278,  ...,   297,  2898, 26163],
            [22574,  2607, 18134,  ...,    13,  4706,   500],
            [20190, 24820,  1623,  ...,   310,   901, 29892],
            [29892,  1951,  4486,  ...,   869,   887, 30010]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:30,316] [INFO] [profiler.py:81:start_profile] Flops profiler started
      [2024-09-16 22:59:31.185339][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 5371, 22417, 29892,  ...,    13,  6716,   901],
            [  353,  1565, 29936,  ..., 29878,  3567,  7196],
            [17296,   338,  1985,  ...,  3741,  9089,   422],
            [  694, 13331,   310,  ..., 21180, 29892,   607]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:31,188] [INFO] [profiler.py:81:start_profile] Flops profiler started
      [2024-09-16 22:59:32.057207][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  292,  8818,   267,  ..., 29892, 11275,  7407],
            [ 1870, 29897,    13,  ...,  2697, 29901,    13],
            [29913,   338,   263,  ..., 29892,   591,  3394],
            [ 2253,   472,  1554,  ...,   982,   304,   376]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:32,060] [INFO] [profiler.py:81:start_profile] Flops profiler started
      [2024-09-16 22:59:32.930293][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  391,  2598, 29883,  ..., 22629,   346,   440],
            [29871, 29896, 29906,  ...,   407,   583,  2833],
            [ 4262,  1836,    13,  ...,   310,   263, 10608],
            [ 1199,   411, 24770,  ...,   272,  2153, 29889]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:32,932] [INFO] [profiler.py:81:start_profile] Flops profiler started
      [2024-09-16 22:59:33.803567][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=2: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  620, 20503,   428,  ...,   297,  1009,  9443],
            [  950, 25078,   892,  ...,   408, 10636,   284],
            [ 1012,  2003,   364,  ...,  7313, 29912, 19303],
            [29906, 29892, 29945,  ...,   967, 26414,   472]])
    • Iteration 3:

      [2024-09-16 22:59:34.881265][INFO][training_log:661] -  iteration=       3/  635782 | consumed_samples=        2304 | consumed_tokens=     9437184 | elapsed_time_per_iteration_ms=7136.5 | learning_rate=2.83116e-08 | global_batch_size=768 | lm loss=11.164038 | loss_scale=1.0 | grad_norm=6.279 | actual_seqlen= 4096 | number_of_skipped_iterations=  0 | number_of_nan_iterations=  0 | samples_per_second=107.615 | tokens_per_gpu_per_second_tgs=18366.372 | [LM]TFLOPs=84.12 | [DS]TFLOPs=108.46 |
      (min, max) time across ranks (ms):
        forward-backward ...............................: (7078.48, 7079.28)
        optimizer ......................................: (38.62, 43.08)
      [2024-09-16 22:59:34.888870][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  496,   313, 29941,  ...,  1316,   408,  4857],
            [29899,  3204, 29889,  ...,  1074,   330,  2547],
            [29916, 29900, 29946,  ..., 18455, 29889,  4002],
            [26406,   338,  1641,  ...,   670,  1914,  6900]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:35.719630][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[29945, 29900,   867,  ...,  7601, 12091,   310],
            [  975, 29871, 29896,  ...,  3573,   825,   306],
            [29906, 29900,  4638,  ..., 29227, 23145, 29892],
            [  278, 14368,   322,  ..., 14909, 29936, 25913]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:36.591343][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  988,   306,  1033,  ...,   437,   408,  1532],
            [  450, 10317,   310,  ...,   322,   752, 13036],
            [11405,  8020, 29889,  ...,   471, 18096,   287],
            [  288,  3594, 19284,  ...,   910,   338,   385]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:37.463941][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  322, 15151, 29946,  ..., 11648,  1497, 29889],
            [24233,   362,   467,  ...,  4513,  1353,   322],
            [ 3311, 13605, 29912,  ...,   945, 29899,  4181],
            [ 1951,   366,   508,  ...,  6589,   491,   777]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:38.343307][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[29889, 29900,    13,  ...,  6017,   424,  1711],
            [  297,  5500,  1489,  ...,   310,  3802,  7875],
            [ 8078,  5314,   515,  ...,   373,   278,  6991],
            [13763,  6204,  6359,  ...,  4706,  2024,  1347]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:39.214871][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[   13,  4806,  3512,  ...,   278,  7824,  6438],
            [ 2294,   938,   903,  ...,  4537,  3047,   449],
            [ 1230,  4123,   767,  ...,   310,   963, 21003],
            [ 1152,  2319, 10365,  ...,   367, 14040,   363]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:40.085368][INFO][utils:326] -  >> building dataset for /flare/Aurora_deployment/AuroraGPT/datasets/dolma/data_v1.7_Llama2Tokenizer/tulu_flan-0000_text_document
      [2024-09-16 22:59:40.086224][INFO][utils:326] -  > building dataset index ...
      [2024-09-16 22:59:40.085475][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[27297, 29924,   801,  ..., 28947, 29892,   470],
            [12542,  5568,   703,  ...,   426,    13,  4706],
            [ 6907,   800,   322,  ..., 29892,  1661, 30304],
            [29900, 13630,   293,  ..., 26552,   363,   975]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:40.958071][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[   13, 29946, 29953,  ..., 29953, 29945, 29871],
            [ 1283, 16578,  1156,  ...,   408,  2215,   408],
            [29906,  4229,  7671,  ...,    13,  1576,  1014],
            [  526,  2898,   304,  ...,   471,  4802, 29991]])
    • Iteration 4:

      [2024-09-16 22:59:42.028460][INFO][training_log:661] -  iteration=       4/  635782 | consumed_samples=        3072 | consumed_tokens=    12582912 | elapsed_time_per_iteration_ms=7147.0 | learning_rate=3.77488e-08 | global_batch_size=768 | lm loss=11.171233 | loss_scale=1.0 | grad_norm=6.272 | actual_seqlen= 4096 | number_of_skipped_iterations=  0 | number_of_nan_iterations=  0 | samples_per_second=107.458 | tokens_per_gpu_per_second_tgs=18339.524 | [LM]TFLOPs=84.00 | [DS]TFLOPs=108.31 |
      (min, max) time across ranks (ms):
        forward-backward ...............................: (7091.77, 7092.56)
        optimizer ......................................: (39.21, 40.11)
      [2024-09-16 22:59:42.035716][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=4: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  443,   666, 10170,  ...,   278,   619,  7323],
            [   13, 11008,   338,  ...,  2472,   363, 22049],
            [29871,    13, 29938,  ..., 29962,  8521, 29896],
            [ 1165,  2280,   304,  ...,   306,   471,  2086]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:42.860756][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=4: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  304,   679,   304,  ...,  1475, 29889,  1570],
            [ 2184, 29936,    13,  ...,  4706,   970,  1780],
            [29872,   352, 29901,  ..., 29905,  4915, 29912],
            [16809,   304,  1438,  ..., 13457, 29889,    13]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:43.731208][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=4: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[12015, 29901, 20549,  ...,   322, 10752, 17906],
            [  372, 30010, 29879,  ..., 29892, 14595,   653],
            [18280, 29958,    13,  ..., 18884,   736,  6251],
            [29889,    13,    13,  ...,   599,   373, 17097]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:44.605047][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=4: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 3367,   567,   964,  ...,  3353, 24870,  2181],
            [ 1262,  2609,   367,  ..., 29974, 29896,  7570],
            [29871, 29941, 29900,  ...,   341,   555,   265],
            [ 4225,   526,  6041,  ...,  1925,  1623,  2748]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:45.479433][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=4: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 2283, 10162,  1496,  ..., 30656, 30317, 30605],
            [29879,  9228,   292,  ...,  7968, 29899,  7052],
            [  884,   599,   367,  ..., 29892,   278,  6054],
            [29879,   411,   278,  ...,   367,  5019,  1183]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:46.351707][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=4: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 3867,   281,   761,  ..., 11949,   338,  4922],
            [  297,  1432,  2586,  ...,  5414,   278, 29811],
            [29892,   278, 15562,  ..., 10296,   310,   394],
            [ 1451,  2960,  3505,  ...,   657, 14346,  8003]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:47.222016][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=4: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 6601,  2874,   414,  ...,   302,   317,  7390],
            [16415,   297,  5146,  ...,   763,   372,   471],
            [29941, 29906,  1118,  ..., 29900, 29889, 29953],
            [ 4893,   304,  4808,  ...,  2284,  2164, 18690]])
      [2024-09-16 22:59:48.094752][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=4: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  901,   310,  2994,  ..., 29873,  1641,   766],
            [  304,  1716,  2562,  ...,  3489,   304,   367],
            [ 1949,  6736, 29871,  ..., 29965, 29909,   353],
            [   13,    13, 29930,  ..., 16497,   316,   474]])
  • Skipping steps [2, 3]:

    tokens:
    • Iteration 0:

      [2024-09-16 23:08:47.749839][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  304,  7344,  5146,  ...,  9776, 29914, 26419],
        [29889,    13,  4706,  ...,  9280, 30004,    13],
        [29943, 20774, 29908,  ...,   304, 27391,   322],
        [ 2645,   445, 29871,  ..., 16888,  4656, 10070]])
      [2024-09-16 23:08:51.451183][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 2768,   596,  1788,  ..., 27274,   393, 30010],
        [  278,  5613,  4192,  ...,   362,   310,  1950],
        [28038, 29892,  2022,  ...,  3160,   278,  2087],
        [ 4149,   907, 29888,  ..., 29896, 29892, 29896]])
      [2024-09-16 23:08:54.073597][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  424,   322, 16232,  ...,   366,   748,   467],
        [   13,   462,  1678,  ...,  2084, 29892,  3497],
        [ 7562,   310, 19320,  ...,  8973, 22684,   358],
        [ 2089,  3633,   292,  ..., 13774,   269,  2375]])
      [2024-09-16 23:08:56.212476][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[21411,   322,  3896,  ...,  2610, 29889,   319],
        [ 8003, 29898, 29900,  ...,    12,  6658,   529],
        [  278,  4148,   310,  ...,   263, 12212,   282],
        [ 5977, 29871, 29906,  ..., 15332,   310,  1749]])
      [2024-09-16 23:08:57.207940][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  278,  1473, 24987,  ...,   263,  2217,  3804],
        [ 2973,   263, 18778,  ...,   263,  4642,  6673],
        [  309,   323,   804,  ...,  1063, 15296,   327],
        [  278,  5864,   322,  ...,  9409, 29889,  2178]])
      [2024-09-16 23:08:58.083935][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[29892, 13731,  6617,  ..., 29871, 29896, 29946],
        [ 2892,  1012,  1266,  ...,  4036,  7512,  2068],
        [ 1473,  1556,  3619,  ...,  3762,   338,   263],
        [23353, 29918,  2177,  ...,   501,   567,   814]])
      [2024-09-16 23:08:58.951793][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[ 5400, 14378,  4768,  ...,  2107, 18677, 29889],
        [ 9200, 29887, 29914,  ...,   293, 24235,   322],
        [30143,  4746,  2184,  ..., 11891, 29974, 25760],
        [19263, 29914,   303,  ...,   358, 29889,    13]])
      [2024-09-16 23:08:59.820234][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=0: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[  309,  1306,   681,  ...,   310, 23186, 21809],
        [29896, 29929,    13,  ..., 29871, 29900,    13],
        [ 9558,   964,   263,  ...,   322,   282,   682],
        [  278, 23904, 21767,  ...,   313, 29929, 29889]])
    • Iteration 1:

      [2024-09-16 23:09:08.943867][INFO][training_log:661] -  iteration=       1/  635782 | consumed_samples=         768 | consumed_tokens=     3145728 | elapsed_time_per_iteration_ms=21224.4 | learning_rate=9.4372e-09 | global_batch_size=768 | lm loss=11.167250 | loss_scale=1.0 | grad_norm=6.363 | actual_seqlen= 4096 | number_of_skipped_iterations=  0 | number_of_nan_iterations=  0 | samples_per_second=36.185 | tokens_per_gpu_per_second_tgs=6175.523 | [LM]TFLOPs=28.29 | [DS]TFLOPs=36.47 |
      [2024-09-16 23:09:08.953432][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=1 [0/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[ 1472, 29892,   408,  ..., 29892,  1584,   363],
        [  967, 19475,  6593,  ...,  8093, 29899, 11249],
        [ 1006,  2218, 13326,  ...,  2355,  1304,   304],
        [29900, 29916, 29947,  ...,   353,  1870, 29936]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:08.957524][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=1 [1/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[ 2354,   274,  1041,  ..., 29892, 13049,  9098],
        [ 8798,  9547, 10353,  ...,   303,  3143, 29889],
        [ 1373,  4056,  7236,  ...,  3186,   297,  5837],
        [ 1738, 29920,  7355,  ...,    13, 29871,  3776]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:08.966648][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=1 [2/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[ 2020,   306,  1016,  ...,   322,   920,   372],
        [ 5921,  1749,  7306,  ..., 19252,   297,  5664],
        [  970,   770, 28547,  ...,   970,   894,  2577],
        [ 1907,   363, 14188,  ...,   756,  3646,   287]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:08.969989][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=1 [3/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[  715, 25392,  3104,  ...,   289,  5761,   616],
        [  426,    13,  9651,  ...,  9651,  1815, 22603],
        [ 7714,  1213,    13,  ...,    13, 29876,   457],
        [29889, 28663,  1230,  ...,  1546,   278,  6586]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:08.990736][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=1 [4/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[29929,    13,    13,  ..., 10739,  4770, 11277],
        [ 4528,   304,  2367,  ...,  2501,   385,  4203],
        [  869,   319,   794,  ...,  3158, 29889,  3115],
        [  592,   260,  4125,  ...,   284,  1135, 18655]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:08.993101][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=1 [5/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[14338, 25323,  3321,  ...,  5607,  1806,  1164],
        [  322,   278, 15352,  ...,  6462,   313,  1552],
        [25738,   714, 29889,  ..., 29915, 29879, 24842],
        [ 5122,   399, 29889,  ..., 29947,  7284,  2305]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.036896][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=1 [6/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[  367, 19310,  1891,  ...,  2408,   292,   263],
        [  470,  3307,  5713,  ...,   568,  2594, 19385],
        [29953, 29905,  1631,  ...,  1118,   343, 29897],
        [10261,   373,  5490,  ...,   511,   297,  1760]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.039401][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=1 [7/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[ 1006,   326, 29901,  ..., 14834,  6694,  9595],
        [12058,  5446, 29892,  ..., 29889,  8246,  3310],
        [ 7483,   310,   278,  ...,   402,  9851,  4423],
        [ 8041,   813,   322,  ...,  3303,  3900,   393]])
    • Iteration 2:

      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.050766][INFO][training_log:661] -  iteration=       2/  635782 | consumed_samples=        1536 | consumed_tokens=     6291456 | elapsed_time_per_iteration_ms=106.8 | learning_rate=1.88744e-08 | global_batch_size=  768 | loss_scale=1.0 | grad_norm=6.363 | actual_seqlen= 4096 | number_of_skipped_iterations=  1 | number_of_nan_iterations=  0 | samples_per_second=7190.781 | tokens_per_gpu_per_second_tgs=1227226.651 | [LM]TFLOPs=5620.92 | [DS]TFLOPs=7247.49 |
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.055864][INFO][training:1069] - Caught 3 in 'ranges_to_skip', skipping!
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.057929][INFO][training:1082] - torch.Size([4, 4097]), len(train_data_iterator)=490723200
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.059118][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [0/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[ 1858,  3851, 29889,  ...,   500,    13,    13],
      [  349,  6156,  1650,  ...,  5806, 28557,  3519],
      [16554,   304,  1653,  ...,   322,  6934, 14722],
      [ 4955,   310, 10465,  ...,  1438,  3841, 29892]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.061999][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [1/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[  363,  1302, 16453,  ...,  7967, 29891,   484],
      [  367,   766,  4752,  ...,     1, 29871, 30143],
      [29899,   855,  1503,  ...,  3786, 29892,  5100],
      [  465,  1974,   289,  ..., 21588,   533,   304]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.065494][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [2/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[29889,    13,  4806,  ...,  3086, 26040,  9220],
      [  293,  7207,   355,  ..., 18131,   520,  1247],
      [ 8619, 29889, 29871,  ...,   304, 10029,   266],
      [  363, 15202, 29892,  ...,   482, 17162, 19104]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.069035][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [3/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[25561,   411,   278,  ...,   297,  2898, 26163],
      [22574,  2607, 18134,  ...,    13,  4706,   500],
      [20190, 24820,  1623,  ...,   310,   901, 29892],
      [29892,  1951,  4486,  ...,   869,   887, 30010]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.072577][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [4/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[ 5371, 22417, 29892,  ...,    13,  6716,   901],
      [  353,  1565, 29936,  ..., 29878,  3567,  7196],
      [17296,   338,  1985,  ...,  3741,  9089,   422],
      [  694, 13331,   310,  ..., 21180, 29892,   607]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.075789][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [5/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[  292,  8818,   267,  ..., 29892, 11275,  7407],
      [ 1870, 29897,    13,  ...,  2697, 29901,    13],
      [29913,   338,   263,  ..., 29892,   591,  3394],
      [ 2253,   472,  1554,  ...,   982,   304,   376]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.079052][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [6/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[  391,  2598, 29883,  ..., 22629,   346,   440],
      [29871, 29896, 29906,  ...,   407,   583,  2833],
      [ 4262,  1836,    13,  ...,   310,   263, 10608],
      [ 1199,   411, 24770,  ...,   272,  2153, 29889]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.082739][INFO][training:1083] - iteration=2 [7/8]: (torch.Size([4, 4097]))
      _tokens[:10]=tensor([[  620, 20503,   428,  ...,   297,  1009,  9443],
      [  950, 25078,   892,  ...,   408, 10636,   284],
      [ 1012,  2003,   364,  ...,  7313, 29912, 19303],
      [29906, 29892, 29945,  ...,   967, 26414,   472]])
    • Iteration 3:

      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.135651][INFO][training_log:661] - iteration= 3/ 635782 | consumed_samples= 2304 | consumed_tokens= 9437184 | elapsed_time_per_iteration_ms=84.7 | learning_rate=2.83116e-08 | global_batch_size= 768 | loss_scale=1.0 | grad_norm=6.363 | actual_seqlen= 4096 | number_of_skipped_iterations= 1 | number_of_nan_iterations= 0 | samples_per_second=9070.783 | tokens_per_gpu_per_second_tgs=1548080.271 | [LM]TFLOPs=7090.49 | [DS]TFLOPs=9142.31 |
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.143511][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[496,   313, 29941,  ...,  1316,   408,  4857],
        [29899,  3204, 29889,  ...,  1074,   330,  2547],
        [29916, 29900, 29946,  ..., 18455, 29889,  4002],
        [26406,   338,  1641,  ...,   670,  1914,  6900]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:09.971988][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[29945, 29900,   867,  ...,  7601, 12091,   310],
        [  975, 29871, 29896,  ...,  3573,   825,   306],
        [29906, 29900,  4638,  ..., 29227, 23145, 29892],
        [  278, 14368,   322,  ..., 14909, 29936, 25913]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:10.843966][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[988,   306,  1033,  ...,   437,   408,  1532],
        [  450, 10317,   310,  ...,   322,   752, 13036],
        [11405,  8020, 29889,  ...,   471, 18096,   287],
        [  288,  3594, 19284,  ...,   910,   338,   385]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:11.715513][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[322, 15151, 29946,  ..., 11648,  1497, 29889],
        [24233,   362,   467,  ...,  4513,  1353,   322],
        [ 3311, 13605, 29912,  ...,   945, 29899,  4181],
        [ 1951,   366,   508,  ...,  6589,   491,   777]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:12.584136][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[29889, 29900,    13,  ...,  6017,   424,  1711],
        [  297,  5500,  1489,  ...,   310,  3802,  7875],
        [ 8078,  5314,   515,  ...,   373,   278,  6991],
        [13763,  6204,  6359,  ...,  4706,  2024,  1347]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:13.450767][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[13,  4806,  3512,  ...,   278,  7824,  6438],
        [ 2294,   938,   903,  ...,  4537,  3047,   449],
        [ 1230,  4123,   767,  ...,   310,   963, 21003],
        [ 1152,  2319, 10365,  ...,   367, 14040,   363]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:14.317517][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[27297, 29924,   801,  ..., 28947, 29892,   470],
        [12542,  5568,   703,  ...,   426,    13,  4706],
        [ 6907,   800,   322,  ..., 29892,  1661, 30304],
        [29900, 13630,   293,  ..., 26552,   363,   975]])
      [2024-09-16 23:09:15.187191][INFO][pretrain_gpt_alcf:198] - args.iteration=3: data['text'][:10]=tensor([[13, 29946, 29953,  ..., 29953, 29945, 29871],
        [ 1283, 16578,  1156,  ...,   408,  2215,   408],
        [29906,  4229,  7671,  ...,    13,  1576,  1014],
        [  526,  2898,   304,  ...,   471,  4802, 29991]])
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